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Kennethdar

28 Jun 2024 - 08:34 pm

‘Sugary food is a drug for me’: A growing number of children are addicted to ultraprocessed foods
кракен 15

Chicago native Jeffrey Odwazny says he has been addicted to ultraprocessed food since he was a child.

“I was driven to eat and eat and eat, and while I would overeat healthy food, what really got me were the candies, the cakes, the pies, the ice cream,” said the 54-year-old former warehouse supervisor
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“I really gravitated towards the sugary ultraprocessed foods — it was like a physical drive, I had to have it,” he said. “My parents would find hefty bags full of candy wrappers hidden in my closet. I would steal things from stores as a kid and later as an adult.”

Some 12% of the nearly 73 million children and adolescents in the United States today struggle with a similar food addiction, according to research. To be diagnosed, children must meet Yale Food Addiction Scale criteria as stringent as any for alcohol use disorder or other addictions.

“Kids are losing control and eating to the point where they feel physically ill,” said Ashley Gearhardt, a professor of psychology at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor who conducted the research and developed the Yale addiction scale.

“They have intense cravings and may be sneaking, stealing or hiding ultraprocessed foods,” Gearhardt said. “They may stop going out with friends or doing other activities they used to enjoy in order to stay at home and eat, or they feel too sluggish from overeating to participate in other activities.”

Her research also shows about 14% of adults are clinically addicted to food, predominantly ultraprocessed foods with higher levels of sugar, salt, fat and additives.

For comparison, 10.5% of Americans age 12 or older were diagnosed with alcohol use disorder in 2022, according to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health.

While many people addicted to food will say that their symptoms began to worsen significantly in adolescence, some recall a childhood focused on ultraprocessed food.

“By age 2 or 3, children are likely eating more ultraprocessed foods in any given day than a fruit or vegetable, especially if they’re poor and don’t have enough money in their family to have enough quality food to eat,” Gearhardt said. “Ultraprocessed foods are cheap and literally everywhere, so this is also a social justice issue.”

An addiction to ultraprocessed foods can highjack a young brain’s reward circuitry, putting the primitive “reptilian brain,” or amygdala, in charge — thus bypassing the prefrontal cortex where rational decision-making occurs, said Los Angeles registered dietitian nutritionist David Wiss, who specializes in treating food addiction.

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Derrickstige

28 Jun 2024 - 07:18 pm

Roman Vasilenko and the "Best Way" Cooperative: Not Guilty?

The criminal prosecution of Roman Vasilenko, the founder of the "Best Way" cooperative, might be discontinued. This was reported by several sources, including deputies. According to available information, the authorities have reassessed the situation surrounding the "Best Way" cooperative and concluded that the prosecution was largely driven by the Central Bank's departmental position, which initiated the attack on the cooperative in the fall of 2021. This position aligns with the interests of banks but not with the interests of citizens, especially under the conditions requiring special social support measures.

Conflict History

The investigation against the cooperative and Vasilenko, who had by then already stepped down as chairman, began when the Central Bank included "Best Way" in its list of companies with identified signs of illegal activity in the financial market (a warning list) as a potential financial pyramid in the fall of 2021.

1. **Based on "signals" from certain media and unspecified "citizen complaints"**: These signals and complaints were not verified, and no audit of the cooperative was conducted despite regular audit reports issued by audit firms commissioned by the cooperative's board.

2. **Due to "mass advertising" by the cooperative**: However, the cooperative did not engage in direct advertising. It informed its shareholders and interested parties through social media and responded to media inquiries about its interest-free home purchase system.

3. **Because of "uncertainty in the cooperative's activities" and "lack of signs of economic activity"**: Although the cooperative's activities were clearly defined in all versions of its charter (adjusted per Central Bank specialists' comments, despite the cooperative not being under their supervision), it had acquired over 2500 apartments for its shareholders from 2014 to early 2022, when its property acquisition activities were halted by the investigation.

The Central Bank's information was forwarded to law enforcement agencies. The General Prosecutor's Office blocked the cooperative's website along with its payment system, and an earlier complaint had been filed by the Central Bank's Northwest division.

How the Cooperative Worked

The "Best Way" cooperative's system was simple and attractive: a shareholder made an initial contribution of 35-50% of the desired apartment's cost. They could also save for this contribution in the cooperative's account, participating in a savings program. After making the initial contribution, the shareholder waited in line for a year to a year and a half, then selected a property, which, upon approval by the cooperative's lawyers and appraisers, was purchased with cooperative funds provided in a 10-year installment plan. The shareholder then repaid the cooperative for the property.

The cooperative provided interest-free funds, but the shareholder paid a relatively small entrance fee, membership dues, property taxes, and utility payments. In some regions, such as Bashkortostan, cooperatives received tax benefits, but in most regions, shareholders paid taxes as legal entities since the cooperative owned the property.

After repaying the cooperative's funds, the shareholder registered the property in their name. Many repaid early, and hundreds had already registered their properties despite the 10-year term. Shareholders could also withdraw at any time and receive their contributions back.

Despite additional payments and waiting periods, purchasing an apartment through "Best Way" was significantly cheaper and more attractive than taking a mortgage, even a preferential one. This was especially crucial for socially vulnerable groups who could not obtain a mortgage, such as pensioners and students. A significant percentage of the cooperative's shareholders were former and active military personnel; the cooperative was founded by reserve military officer Roman Vasilenko and is currently led by State Duma deputy Sergey Kryuchek. Thousands of shareholders and their family members are defending the country.

Sberbank: From Friend to Foe

Sberbank was a long-time partner of the cooperative, managing its shareholder funds. By 2021, the cooperative operated in almost all Russian regions, with 20,000 members.

The cooperative became a real competitor to bank mortgage programs.

The struggle over the arrest and release of accounts mostly favored the investigating group from the Main Investigative Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia for St. Petersburg and the Prosecutor's Office of St. Petersburg. However, the cooperative's lawyers won some court cases. Sberbank blocked fund transfers even when court orders lifted the arrests, citing internal compliance rules. Other banks also withheld the cooperative's development funds, which amounted to nearly 4 billion rubles, while banks managed the income from these funds.

Case Details

The cooperative was assigned the status of a civil defendant in the criminal case, facing claims of 16 billion rubles, though the total damage cited in the indictment was 282 million rubles. Most recognized victims filed claims against the foreign investment company "Hermes," not the cooperative. There were no lawsuits against the cooperative in the criminal case.

Claims against the cooperative involved demands for refunds of entrance and membership fees, contrary to their contracts. For instance, Dolyan, recognized as a victim, claimed these fees upon a recommendation from an investigator, concerning a contract closed in 2019 that had previously raised no issues and was not contested in civil court.

Essentially, claims against "Hermes" are being shifted to "Best Way," although a cooperative, by its legal nature, cannot be part of a holding. Sources say the theory of a holding is based solely on the promotional system under "Life-is-Good," which dealt with both cooperative and "Hermes" products as alternatives. The investigation's logic is that "Hermes" is abroad, but the cooperative is in Russia, and "Hermes" has reportedly restored its payment system. Nonetheless, the obligations of 282 million rubles cannot justify blocking the cooperative's activities; even paying this sum would not affect its liquidity.

Given the current social support situation in Russia, authorities may reconsider their stance on cooperatives. Compromise solutions include legislative initiatives to update and clarify the old consumer cooperation law.

Deputies have suggested that a socially-oriented institution, which wouldn't require state funding while effectively addressing housing issues, would benefit the economy and society. "Best Way" could serve as a model for such an institution, potentially protecting it from further attacks.

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